Free Essays on Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa Mother Teresa taught the world that having a good heart was all that a person needed to succeed in the world. She taught that being generous to the poor, was an act of serving God, in practical helpful way. While not acknowledging that the deeds she did as a huge publicity stunt, she showed others how to do actual good for the unfortunate people of the world. Mother Teresa was a wonderful woman and a great influence on the world today. Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu on August 27, 1910, to a deeply religious Roman Catholic family (McGovern). Her mother, Nikola Bojaxhiu, was woman who was taught early that giving to the poor would benefit the world in many ways. Agnes’ family was large and poor, so she learned the people were always going to have to make sacrifices in order to survive. Agnes decided early on in life at the tender age of fourteen that she wanted to be a missionary nun, but it was at the age of eighteen that Agnes joined the Loreto order of nuns (McGovern). On May 24, 1931, Agnes took her first vows poverty, chastity, and obedience (Encyclopedia of World Biography). It was there she took on the name Teresa after St. Therese, the patron saint of missionaries. She eventually became the principal of Loreto Entally, a school in Entally, where she taught history and geography. Even inside the school, she longed to help the starving and dying people of the streets. She was not allowed to because the Loreto order of nuns had a rule that the nuns couldn’t leave the convent unless they were seriously ill. In August of 1946, Sister Teresa could stand it no longer. She left the convent to tend to the sick and poor. In 1947, Sister Teresa was granted Teresa was permission to leave the Loreto order of nuns (Wellman). From there on, she walked the streets finding people that she could help out. The work would exhaust her, but each day she kept on going. Sister Teresa had such a love... Free Essays on Mother Teresa Free Essays on Mother Teresa Mother Teresa Mother Teresa taught the world that having a good heart was all that a person needed to succeed in the world. She taught that being generous to the poor, was an act of serving God, in practical helpful way. While not acknowledging that the deeds she did as a huge publicity stunt, she showed others how to do actual good for the unfortunate people of the world. Mother Teresa was a wonderful woman and a great influence on the world today. Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu on August 27, 1910, to a deeply religious Roman Catholic family (McGovern). Her mother, Nikola Bojaxhiu, was woman who was taught early that giving to the poor would benefit the world in many ways. Agnes’ family was large and poor, so she learned the people were always going to have to make sacrifices in order to survive. Agnes decided early on in life at the tender age of fourteen that she wanted to be a missionary nun, but it was at the age of eighteen that Agnes joined the Loreto order of nuns (McGovern). On May 24, 1931, Agnes took her first vows poverty, chastity, and obedience (Encyclopedia of World Biography). It was there she took on the name Teresa after St. Therese, the patron saint of missionaries. She eventually became the principal of Loreto Entally, a school in Entally, where she taught history and geography. Even inside the school, she longed to help the starving and dying people of the streets. She was not allowed to because the Loreto order of nuns had a rule that the nuns couldn’t leave the convent unless they were seriously ill. In August of 1946, Sister Teresa could stand it no longer. She left the convent to tend to the sick and poor. In 1947, Sister Teresa was granted Teresa was permission to leave the Loreto order of nuns (Wellman). From there on, she walked the streets finding people that she could help out. The work would exhaust her, but each day she kept on going. Sister Teresa had such a love... Free Essays on Mother Teresa Through out the women known as Mother Teresa’s life she had accomplished a great many tasks. Mother Teresa had done good works and heroic virtues in her lifetime. Mother Teresa’s had accomplished many deeds through out her religious order and her â€Å"Way of Love†. This is a way of not pleasing yourself but to give yourself to God and to be used by him in a very special way, a way of helping people. (The â€Å"Way of Love† is also a poem). Mother Teresa was born in Skopje, Yugoslavia (now called Macedonia) in 1910. Mother Teresa’s original home was Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhio. Mother Teresa was only 12 years old when she first knew she had a vocation to the poor but it wasn’t until much later in 1928 when she suddenly decided to become a nun and traveled to Ireland to join the Sisters of Loredo a religious order founded in the seventeenth century. After studying at the convent for less than a year, she left to join the Loredo convent in the city of Darjeeling in India. On May 24th, 1931, she took the name of name of â€Å"Teresa† in honor of St. Teresa of Avila a sixteenth century Spanish nun. In 1929 Mother Teresa was teaching at a catholic high school in Calcutta the city was filled with beggars, lepers, and the homeless and on wanted babies were left to die in garbage bins. One day in 1946 Mother Teresa felt the need to leave her job at St. Mary catholic school to care for the needy in Calcutta. Mother Teresa began her work in 1948 by studying nursing for three months with the American Medical Missionaries in India, she there returned Calcutta to found the Missionaries of Charity and the Kalighat Home for the dying. Mother Teresa would gather dying Indians off the streets and care for them during the days before they died. In the mid 1950’s, Mother Teresa began to help victims of leprosy. She established a leper colony called Shanti Nagar (town of Peace). In 1965 the Pope authorized Mother Teresa to... Free Essays on Mother Teresa Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu was born August 26, 1910 in Skopje, in Macedonia. Her childhood was comfortable and prosperous due to her father’s success. Her father encouraged his children to be generous and compassionate to those less fortunate. Her mother was very religious and she took the children to morning mass. Agnes often helped her mother deliver parcels of food and money to the poor and prayed with the whole family every evening. The family’s life changed dramatically after their father’s death, when Agnes was 9. Although now poor themselves, they continued to help those less fortunate. Christianity became increasingly important in Agnes’ life. From the age of 12, she was aware of a desire to devote her life to God. As Agnes thought about what she could do for Christ, she started to feel a call for God. In the two years she decided to become a nun. Agnes spent longer periods of time going on retreats and received guidance from her Father Confessor. At th e age of 17, she made the decision to become a nun, because she had been taught that chastity is a special and pure grace. This was an important moment for Agnes as she chose a life of self-sacrifice. Agnes was just 18 when she decided to join the Sisters of Our Lady of Loreto, who were very active in India. On December 1, 1928 the crossing to India started. In the beginning of 1929 they reached Colombo, then Madres and finally Calcutta. The journey continued to Darjeeling, where she completed her training. Agnes was trained in prayer, scriptures, theology, and the spirituality and history of her Order. She started to learn Hindi and Bengali and to improve her English. She taught at the local school and worked in a small medical station. On May 24, 1931, Agnes took her first vows of poverty, chastity and obedience as a sister of Loreto. She chose her name in religious life as St. Theresa of Lisieux. Soon after she went to Calcutta to begin her teaching career. She went to Lor...

The Technology and History of the Atlatl Spear Thrower

The Technology and History of the Atlatl Spear Thrower An atlatl (pronounced atul-atul or aht-LAH-tul) is the name used primarily by American scholars for a spear thrower, a hunting tool that was invented at least as long ago as the Upper Paleolithic period in Europe. It may be much older. Spear throwers are a significant technological improvement on simply throwing or thrusting a spear, in terms of safety, speed, distance, and accuracy. Fast Facts: Atlatl The atlatl or spearthrower is a hunting technology which was invented at least 17,000 years ago by Upper Paleolithic humans in Europe.  Atlatls give additional velocity and thrust compared to spear-throwing, and they allow the hunter to stand farther away from the prey.  They are called atlatls, because thats what the Aztecs were calling them when the Spanish arrived. Unfortunately for the Spanish, the Europeans had forgotten how to use them. The American scientific name for the spearthrower is from the Aztec language, Nahuatl. The atlatl was recorded by Spanish conquistadors when they arrived in Mexico and discovered that the Aztec people had a stone weapon that could pierce metal armor. The term was first noted by the American anthropologist Zelia Nuttall [1857–1933], who wrote about Mesoamerican atlatls in 1891, based on drawn images and three surviving examples. Other terms in use around the globe include spear thrower, woomera (in Australia), and propulseur (in French). What is a Spearthrower? Atlatl Display, Gold Museum of Bogota, Colombia. Carl Ann Purcell / Getty Images An atlatl is a slightly curved piece of wood, ivory, or bone, measuring between 5 and 24 inches (13–61 centimeters) long and between 1–3 in (2–7 cm) wide. One end is hooked, and the hook fits into the nock end of a separate spear shaft, itself between 3 to 8 feet (1–2.5 meters) in length. The working end of the shaft may simply be sharpened  or be modified to include a pointed projectile point. Atlatls are often decorated or painted- the oldest ones we have are elaborately carved. In some American cases, banner stones, rocks carved into a bow-tie shape with a hole in the middle, were used on the spear shaft. Scholars have been unable to find that adding the weight of a banner stone does anything to the velocity or thrust of the operation. They have theorized that banner stones may have been thought to act as a flywheel, stabilizing the motion of the spear throwing, or that it was not used during the throw at all, but rather to balance the spear when the atlatl was at rest. How To... The motion used by the thrower is similar to that of an overhand baseball pitcher. The thrower holds the atlatl handle in the palm of her hand and pinches the dart shaft with her fingers. Balancing both behind her ear, she pauses, pointing with her opposite hand toward the target; and then, with a movement as if she were pitching a ball, she flings the shaft forward allowing it to slip out of her fingers as it flies towards the target. The atlatl stays level and the dart on target throughout the motion. As with baseball, the snap of the wrist at the end imparts much of the velocity, and the longer the atlatl, the longer the distance (although there is an upper limit). The speed of a properly flung 5 ft (1.5 m) spear equipped with a 1 ft (30 cm) atlatl is about 60 miles (80 kilometers) per hour; one researcher reported that he put an atlatl dart through his garage door on his first attempt. The maximum speed achieved by an experienced atlatlist is 35 meters per second or 78 mph. The technology of an atlatl is that of a lever, or rather a system of levers, which together combine and increase the force of the human overhand throw. The flipping motion of the throwers elbow and shoulder in effect adds a joint to the thrower’s arm. The proper use of the atlatl makes spear-assisted hunting an efficiently targeted and deadly experience. Earliest Atlatls The earliest secure information concerning atlatls comes from several caves in France dated to the Upper Paleolithic. Early atlatls in France are works of art, such as the fabulous example known as le faon aux oiseaux (Fawn with Birds), a 20 in (52 cm) long carved piece of reindeer bone decorated with a carved ibex and birds. This atlatl was recovered from the cave site of La Mas d’Azil, and was made between 15,300 and 13,300 years ago. Atlatl Spear Thrower, Carved as a Bison, La Madeleine, Dordogne Valley, France, ca 15,000 BP. Print Collector/Getty Images / Getty Images A 19 in (50 cm) long atlatl, found in the La Madeleine site in the Dordogne valley of France, has a handle carved as a hyena effigy; it was made about 13,000 years ago. The Canecaude cave site deposits dated to about 14,200 years ago contained a small atlatl (8 cm, or 3 in) carved in the shape of a mammoth. The very earliest atlatl found to date is a simple antler hook dated to the Solutrean period (about 17,500 years ago), recovered from the site of Combe Sauniere. Atlatls are necessarily carved from organic material, wood or bone, and so the technology may be much older than 17,000 years ago. The stone points used on a thrust or hand-thrown spear are larger and heavier than those used on an atlatl, but thats a relative measure and a sharpened end will work as well. Simply put, archaeologists do not know how old the technology is. Modern Atlatl Use The atlatl has lots of fans today. The World Atlatl Association sponsors the International Standard Accuracy Contest (ISAC), a competition of atlatl skill held in small venues all over the world; they hold workshops so if youd like to learn how to throw with an atlatl, thats where to start. The WAA keeps a list of world champions and ranking master atlatl throwers. The competitions have also been used along with controlled experiments to gather field data concerning the effect of the different elements of the atlatl process, such as the weight and shape of the projectile point used, the length of the shaft and the atlatl. A lively discussion can be found in the archives of the journal American Antiquity about whether you can safely identify whether a particular point was used in bow and arrow versus atlatl: the results are inconclusive. If you are a dog owner, you may have even used a modern spearthrower known as the â€Å"Chuckit. Study History Archaeologists began to recognize atlatls in the late 19th century. The anthropologist and adventurer Frank Cushing [1857–1900] made replicas and may have experimented with the technology; Zelia Nuttall wrote about Mesoamerican atlatls in 1891, and anthropologist Otis T. Mason [1838–1908] looked at Arctic spear throwers and noticed that they were similar to those described by Nuttall. More recently, studies by scholars such as John Whittaker and Brigid Grund have focused on the physics of atlatl throwing, and trying to parse out why people eventually adopted the bow and arrow. Sources Angelbeck, Bill, and Ian Cameron. The Faustian Bargain of Technological Change: Evaluating the Socioeconomic Effects of the Bow and Arrow Transition in the Coast Salish Past. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 36 (2014): 93–109. Print.Bingham, Paul M., Joanne Souza, and John H. Blitz. Introduction: Social Complexity and the Bow in the Prehistoric North American Record. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 22.3 (2013): 81–88. Print.Cain, David I., and Elizabeth A. Sobel. Sticks with Stones: An Experimental Test of the Effects of the Atlatl Weight on Atlatl Mechanics. Ethnoarchaeology 7.2 (2015): 114–40. Print.Erlandson, Jon, Jack Watts, and Nicholas Jew. Darts, Arrows, and Archaeologists: Distinguishing Dart and Arrow Points in the Archaeological Record. American Antiquity 79.1 (2014): 162–69. Print.Grund, Brigid Sky. Behavioral Ecology, Technology, and the Organization of Labor: How a Shift from Spear Thrower to Self Bow Exacerbates Soc ial Disparities. American Anthropologist 119.1 (2017): 104–19. Print. Pettigrew, Devin B., et al. How Atlatl Darts Behave: Beveled Points and the Relevance of Controlled Experiments. American Antiquity 80.3 (2015): 590–601. Print.Walde, Dale. Concerning the Atlatl and the Bow: Further Observations Regarding Arrow and Dart Points in the Archaeological Record. American Antiquity 79.1 (2014): 156–61. Print.Whittaker, John C. Levers, Not Springs: How a Spearthrower Works and Why It Matters. Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Stone Age Weaponry. Eds. Iovita, Radu and Katsuhiro Sano. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. 65–74. Print.Whittaker, John C., Devin B. Pettigrew, and Ryan J. Grohsmeyer. Atlatl Dart Velocity: Accurate Measurements and Implications for Paleoindian and Archaic Archaeology. PaleoAmerica 3.2 (2017): 161–81. Print.

Wage Earnings in Australia, Canada and the United States Research Paper

Wage Earnings in Australia, Canada and the United States - Research Paper Example The game of the numbers is to be adjusted in such a way that there must not be any ambiguity in the statistical manipulation and representation. The main objectives of the particular vary study to get insights in employment records as well as the comparison in the earning rates of USA, Canada and Australia. It was the topical history of America and the broadening of the monetary gap between those at the uppermost and bottommost level of the pay rate. In one of the study, Jack Rasmus (2004) writes that what is the instance of the phenomenon that anybody of us loves to make 200,000 USD per year after completion of 25 successful years on the job. There is a lot of difference in the value of money that is being generated by the workers on the job compared to last 25 years. They are making a very different value right now. If you would like to have the same value and same benefits, then it would be far impossible like you have to get the same advantages as the CEOs get at their jobs. This is the difference of time and value maximization. Things were thought to be regularized rather than alike today those are being worse with the passage of time. It is not only for the American lower wage earning employees who have to get enough economic substances to fulfill the routine matters; it is needed to generate monetary opportunists to find financial aid for the poorer people. Without holding to the economic environment, the lifestyle they deserve for is in the agenda of policy makers along with reviewing statistical monetary indexing and calculation of wages. If review of historical data may be made, we may get a clearer insight about the earning differences, the CEOs in United States got twenty four times more than an ordinary worker in 1965. This was not an end, the proportion raised to thirty five times in 1978, then it went up to a huge figure of seventy one times in 1989. After the debt crisis in USA in 2000, the recovery brought a greatest differential figure, that s howed that CEOs were earning three hundred times more than ordinary workers even who were working at their firms- A noticeable historical moment. After some time, the time turned in to a little change with top management remuneration rate with the economic bubble (worldwide) in 2008. History observed a decline in pay rate of CEOs or top managers at a slighter pace. But it did not mean to be a substantial increase in the pay outs of general workers. The hourly wage rate was suggested to be increased to increase the motivation level of the employees. It could cause in an extravagant state that vivid the opportunity for monetary and financial reforms within the organization. The economic bubble caused an extra ordinary unemployment and the wage rates were not said to be increased in near future. The remuneration declining rate for CEOs was six per cent approximately. The exact figure turned to 10.4 million USD from 11.07 million USD. Here we define the workers, the average work force i nclude all the employees who work in an organization below top management (middle management, first line management and non-managerial employees i.e., clerical workers). The wage earning discrepancy between CEO and the general working employees was observed more in last decade. However the gender discrepancy was insignificant to be observed because females are emerging as top management seats in prestigious organizations. In Canada, the situation was considerably worse; the wage